Executive Order 14110 — Safe, Secure, Trustworthy AI (REVOKED)
Summary
Section titled “Summary”Executive Order 14110, signed by President Biden on 2023-10-30, was the first systematic federal AI executive order in the United States, framing a “Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI” agenda. It was expressly revoked by Trump’s EO 14179 on 2025-01-23.
Despite revocation, parts of its institutional legacy persist:
- NIST AI Risk Management Framework (continues)
- NIST AI Safety Institute (reorganized as CAISI)
- Agency AI guidance in healthcare, finance, housing, education, etc. (partially retained, partially rescinded, depending on the review mandated by EO 14179 §2)
This page is retained for historical reference and comparative study.
Core content of the original order (revoked)
Section titled “Core content of the original order (revoked)”Dual-use foundation model reporting
Section titled “Dual-use foundation model reporting”Trigger threshold: training compute ≥ 10²⁶ integer or floating-point operations (or ≥ 10²³ FLOP for models trained primarily on biological sequence data) → reporting obligation under Defense Production Act §705 authority. This was EO 14110’s most emblematic provision; it was revoked by EO 14179 in 2025-01.
Eight action areas
Section titled “Eight action areas”- New safety and security standards (paired with NIST AI RMF)
- Privacy (push for congressional legislation; as of 2026, still no federal privacy law)
- Civil rights and equity (AI discrimination in employment, housing, credit, etc.)
- Consumer / patient / student protections
- Worker rights
- Innovation / competition
- Global leadership
- Federal government use of AI (carried forward in OMB M-24-10)
AI Safety Institute (AISI)
Section titled “AI Safety Institute (AISI)”An internal NIST body responsible for advanced-model testing and standards. In 2025 it was reorganized as CAISI (Center for AI Standards and Innovation), repositioned toward “standards” rather than “safety.”
Specific legal effect of revocation
Section titled “Specific legal effect of revocation”EO 14179 §2 states: “revoke the following executive order and presidential memoranda” and explicitly lists EO 14110.
Operationally:
- The 10²⁶ FLOP reporting obligation no longer has a legal basis
- Agency 180- and 365-day obligations grounded in EO 14110 cease
- Previously published guidance and rules are retained or rescinded according to each agency’s review
Comparison with the EU AI Act (historical)
Section titled “Comparison with the EU AI Act (historical)”EO 14110 vs. the EU AI Act was once a classic “functionally similar, methodologically different” pairing:
- EU: legislation, comprehensive horizontal risk tiering
- U.S. (EO 14110): executive order plus agency guidance, relying on voluntary measures, legislative advocacy, and procurement leverage
With EO 14179’s revocation, the U.S. federal analogue to the EU AI Act no longer exists.
Text and archives
Section titled “Text and archives”| Language | Source | Link |
|---|---|---|
| English (original) | Biden Archive | bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov |
| Federal Register | — |
Version history
Section titled “Version history”| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 2023-10-30 | Signed |
| 2024-01 to 2024-10 | Agencies issued companion guidance |
| 2025-01-23 | Revoked by EO 14179 |